Wednesday, December 30, 2009

Investor Alert!

Date: 17 April 2006
From: "Bryant Albert"
Subject: Bryant Albert wrote:

hi Bryant i hope this is your e-mail.
I was glad to meet you the other day. I expect you are actually had like the New York.

So much so much happening all the time, lots of great opportunities.

And speaking of opportunities, the deal I was speaking you about yesterday investment in German key cutting industries.

Investors are already rise, but the big announcement isn't even out yet, so there's still time. I erected 2000 key cutting establishments in Berlin. I suggest you to do the same today.

With the increased miniaturization of personal electronics devices current tools are reaching their limits.

With a short investment in a machine for automatic key cutting, you can earn 8 to 12 euros per simple key cut!!!

KEY CUTTING IS ABOUT TO EXPLODE!

Prices in Berlin:
Lichtenrade: €7.80 per key
Kurfursten Damm: €12.50 per key
You: €????

An amazing revelation is coming, and the key cutting markets are expected to double before January, so seize the day and get in before the news is out!

Hope this helps you out. I'll see you this weekend.
Yours Bryant Albert








contrary of health is disease, of courage, cowardice, and so on. But Quantities consist either of parts which bear a relative position the other hand, they do not belong either to that class which consists necessarily implies on or other five sorts of motion. wings, but qua winged creature. If, then, the statement is made necessity.

Tuesday, December 29, 2009

Varieté

For Christmas, our guest family gave us tickets to a varieté show called "Soap" which is playing at the Chamäleon theater in the Hackischer Märkte. I was pretty excited, because the Hackischer Märkte part of Berlin is one of my favorite parts of Berlin. I had seen this theater, but never had been inside of it. Mostly because I'm a starving student. And partly because I had some suspicions regarding German entertainment.

It turns out that varieté is French for a combination of comedy, song and dance, and antipod work (in which rings and other objects are juggled/twirled/balanced with the feet) performed for an audience seated at small tables where overpriced alcohol is served. The show was entertaining, but I felt very unflexible while leaving, and vowed to do add "become more flexible" to my new years resolutions for 2010. On the way home, Herr Weimann announced that Frau Weimann had made some pickled herring. He noted that it looked very unappetizing, but didn't taste so bad. Frau Weimann then detailed the culinary craft of creating pickled herring. I can't remember what all happens with the fish, but I know it gets to sit for a while in some kind of fluid. When we arrived home from the varieté, Frau Weimann had to rescue the pickled herring from the cold where she had left it to pickle. That was on the 26th.

Today, Frau Weimann interrupted the cleaning of my apartment by calling to remind me that I had promised to come over at 3:30 to drink tea and eat cookies with some old people. I think she even extended the invitation with those exact words: 'drink tea and eat cookies with old people'. With my reply "Yeah, we'll see", I had inadvertently fully committed to attending the event. When she called, I had my shorts and sport shoes on, all ready to go to the stake young single adult sport night. I would have to be late to sport. I imagined myself making a short appearance, lending some life to some old Germans who were crowded in silence around some Christmas cookies, grasping dainty teacups in their prehistoric hands. After a short introduction, a few impressed exclamations that I could speak German so well, and a few pleasantries, I could excuse myself and be off to play basketball before the guests could gather their walkers to block my escape.

Unfortunately, the guests were not dinosaur-aged, as I had expected. I knew that it would be a long visit when I saw that the guests were not seated around the table with cookies, but were gathered around a zither and "Hackbrett" -- the dictionary says it's a "Dulcimer" in English. After a little prelude, we sat down and ate cookies, and Marzipan Stollen. I should have taken off at this point, but I found the zither and hackbrett music to be very pleasant. The instruments are typical Barvarian instruments. The Hackbrett has strings arranged horizontally in the shape of a pyramid with deeper tones at the bottom. Sound is produced by hitting the strings with wooden hammer things. One of the older men informed me that the difference between a Hackbrett and a piano is that the piano burns longer. I think it was a joke.

I guess it's traditional to play tight 3-voice harmonies in the Bavarian songs, so I played the second voice on a cello while the Hackbrett played the melody, and the zither played the third voice. After we were done, I played the Bach 4 that I played at graduation on the cello, and someone wanted me to play the American national anthem. Which I did. With pride. Then I played the German national anthem. I wasn't watching, but I think the commotion that happened during the middle of my playing was caused as one of the older men did the "Deutsche Gruß".. The surprising part came after I finished the song, and one of the women requested the Russian national hymn. I remembered parts of it from the Olympics, but was distracted as she started singing the words -- in German. And that's why I love being here in Berlin right now. It's like I'm in the middle of a teenage city, trying to grow up and find its place in the world of grownup cities. Berlin has a history with some parts that it she would like to forget, and some problems that she is still trying to work out. And it's somehow interesting to see manifestations of these quirks that are in the process of being ironed out. This woman had grown up in Eastern Germany, the GDR. Instead of English, she had learned Russian since she was a little child. And she had learned the Soviet national anthem, with German lyrics, from the days of Soviet occupation.

After music, we gathered again to the table for "Abendbrot", when what to my wondering eyes did appear? The pickled herring, which brought me great fear. Indeed, Herr Weimann was right. It looked pretty bad. One of the guests accepted the offer for some herring, and extended a plate. Frau Weimann dug around in the pile of worm-looking onions and produced a 6-inch long fish with skin and tail, and gently laid it on the guest's plate, who did not flinch. (Side note: Jordan had spent the evening playing sports, and at this point in recounting the evening's adventures to him, he optimistically remarked that at least the fish didn't cost 37 euros like the last fish with a tail that we ate in Den Hague.) Guests around the table were served, one after the other, and I knew that in order to politely avoid being served pickled herring, I would have to adopt a fish allergy, or fake death.

The aroma of pickled herring filled the room. The wallpaper began peeling from the walls. The plant in the corner began to wither. As did my hope for surviving this evening. Why hadn't I just gone to play sports?

I was up.

"Kendell, would you like to try some fish?"

"Uh sure."

I passed my plate around the table toward the herring. I secretly hoped someone would sneeze on my plate as it passed, so that I could perhaps make an escape to the kitchen where I could bring back a plate full of bread with no room for fish.

"Maybe could I have just a half piece? Or a quarter? Or an Eighth?"

Unfortunately, my piece had been cut, and as the pickled herring was gently placed on my plate, I felt my mind pulled back to the mission days. I'm not sure what I ate on my mission. And even when an explanation of ingredients were offered, my culinary German was not up to par. Frick. If I could offer one suggestion to the MTC, it would be to require MTC teachers to teach future missionaries food and cooking terms in the new language. I think that would significantly reduce the number of eyes, hooves, reproductive and digestive organs, and other gross animal parts eaten by missionaries. I guess the church just relies on the policy of including a clause protecting the future missionary from being killed by eating anything bad on his mission in the setting-apart blessing by the stake president at home.

Unfortunately, upon arrival back home off my mission, in the mission release blessing by my stake president, he revoked all protection from bad foods. I first realized this when I tried to consume a funny food called "Matjes" (which is described on the German wikipedia site as "salted herring") during adventure in Berlin last summer. I ended up taking one bite, and refused to eat the rest.. bleh.

Unfortunately, eating one bite, then refusing to eat the rest was not an option. My relationship with the Weimanns was on the line. What would I do?

"Do you want some onions too?"

"Sure. Pile them on. If I'm going to die from fish, I might as well have onions on my plate."

Actually, I just said "Sure." The rest, I thought in my head.

As the plate came back around the table, I said a little prayer in my heart. For once in my life I was grateful for the fish bones, as picking them out postponed my having to eat the fish. (Side note: German has a different word for the bones (Knochen), the bones of a fish that you pick out (Gräten), and the bones that you eat because you are too tired of picking the Gräten out (I'll have to find this word)).

When I finally mustered the courage to try a part of the fish, I was pleasantly surprised that it tasted good. And when I mean good, I mean that it didn't taste like fish. It was very salty, and reminded me a little of tuna. The onions weren't bad, either, although I made the mistake early on in my pickled herring eating experience of putting the Gräten in a pile a little too close to the onions, so I had to pick them out of my onions too.

Anyway, I'm still alive. That's good. Although I have to agree with Herr Weimann. Pickled herring tastes better than it looks. And smells.

Overall, I didn't find the guests very old. Although they all looked like they were at the age where they were starting to look forward toward retirement.

I was talking with one of the guests over onions and Gräten, and he complimented me on my musical talents. I politely thanked him, and graciously deflected his compliment by explaining that everyone has different talents, then asking him what his talents were. He said he was good at math, but never really studied it. He went into Economics, which he regretted. He was excited for retirement in two years. I asked him what his hobbies were. His answer was stereotypical German... and I kid you not.. this was his list of hobbies in the order he told me.
    Stereotypical German hobbies:
  1. Going to the sauna
  2. Playing Badmitton
  3. Schwieorbeilandne
Yeah. I didn't understand what his third hobby. I asked him about it, because it seemed the least embarrassing. Evidently, it's a Bavarian dance sport called "Schuhplattler" which sounded to me like the word "Schublade" which means "drawer" as in the thing you keep your silverware in. It was good that I was open minded and had asked more about his third hobby, because going to the sauna, badmitton, and drawers were a pretty sorry set of hobbies.

After a little persistence, the accordion was fetched, and I witnessed Schuhplattler. It reminded me of the cool, boot-slapping part of the "Boot-skootin boogie" line dance you learn in 4th grade. Except with significantly less hip gyration. The dance started out with the universal sign for "Touchdown!!" with both hands extended above the head. In the middle, lots of hopping and slapping of the hands against legs, arms, and feet happened. At the end, the guest looked pretty exhausted, and I saw in his emotions that traditional Schuhplattler is not performed in a suit and tie. I found a cute clip of schuhplattler on youtube. As the guest finished the performance of his third hobby, he apologized profusely, explaining that the "Lederhosen" -- the bib-looking Bavarian getup -- provide for a better slapping sound.

It was a good evening. I guess there's always Stake Sport night next week.

My only unresolved question is whether the French would be offended if I started a varieté with Schuhplattler.

Friday, December 25, 2009

Zweimal Weihnachten

First, I would like to announce that I can now spell 'Weihnachten' (Christmas in German) without help. Before, I was never sure if it had that 'h' in the middle, or not. Germans would rather die before admitting that it is silent, but I'm pretty sure it's pretty silent. At least quiet. So, now I'm sure that 'Weihnachten' has a quiet 'h'.

Speaking of Germans, this friend sent me a request to help him apply to a job in the United States. He asked me if I had any advice for him. I sent him links to a web page about cover letters, as well as a resume web page. Both pages had examples. I also added German-specific instructions: Don't put your age, gender, a picture of you, or any other information on your resume other than your name and contact information.

When I got his draft of his resume, he had left out the picture, but had included a "Personal Information" section including:
  • Date of Birth
  • Citizenship
  • Marital Status
  • Spouse's Name
  • and Children, complete with names and ages.

Whatever. I advised him to leave out that section completely. "But what if they want to know how old I am?"...

Anyway, this year, we celebrated Christmas twice. The first time, we went over to a family in the ward, went to a Weihnachts Andacht in the Dahlem church. It's a really old-school looking church. Pretty cool.

Oh, we only went with the Mom and the son of the family, because the Dad was home with back problems. Evidently, he has had problems with the explosion of a spinal disc.. I'm not sure what the correct translation is.. at any rate, he's able to lay down or walk, but not sit or stand. As we were driving to the Christmas devotional in Dahlem, the mom told us that the night before, the dad was outside taking a walk down the street. He was limping along really slowly through the dark. I guess there had been a robbery in the area, and policemen were looking for the suspect. The dad is a pretty big guy, a little taller than me, and about 50 pounds broader. When a policeman saw the dad, he ran up to him and peppersprayed him and then jumped on him to keep him under control. Finally, they established that he was not the suspect, and got off his back. Unfortunately, his back was hurt, so they had to take him to the hospital, and was driven home by the police after his hospital visit. Merry Christmas!

Monday, December 21, 2009

Peppermint Elixir


We made some cookies this week, in keeping with the German tradition of "Plaetzchen machen". I helped my guest family make a couple kinds of cookies, and tried to impress them by making some of the Christmas cookies my family always makes at home: Candy Cane cookies.

Unfortunately, they don't have peppermint flavoring here in Germany, which is an essential ingredient that keeps the candy cane cookies from tasting like.. dough. I looked all over for the flavoring, but couldn't find it. I was only able to find candy canes at the KaDeWe, claimed to be the second biggest department store in Europe. But even they didn't have peppermint flavoring.

We thought about crushing up a bunch of tic tacs, but as we were preparing the cookies, our guest family told us they had "peppermint elixir" which might work. The peppermint elixir said it was used for curing coughs, lung cancer, helping you breathe underwater and all sorts of stuff. Our guest father is actually a doctor, and determined that it was ok to use for flavoring because the maximum dose was 2 drops twice a day, and as long as you didn't eat too many cookies, it should be ok. He prescribed two drops four our dough. Our guest mother was concerned about the flavor baking out, so we put in 3 drops of elixir into our dough which was the size of two fists.

When the cookies were done, they certainly looked very colorful, due to the red food coloring that I successfully found in the local grocery store. Unfortunately, you could still feel some of the decongestional properties of the peppermint elixir when you ate the cookies, so they weren't the biggest hit.

However, it's going to be a great Christmas.

Wednesday, December 9, 2009

Advice Column

I think I’m going to change careers. I’m going to be a consultant. A common sense consultant. But I’m not doing it for personal reasons, except that there seems to be a universal lack of common sense in the world today, and I feel that those with common sense have a moral obligation to assist those with less common sense. In the same way that you should help ladies with strollers up and down stairs, or the way tall people should help short people get books that are up high and help them clean the top of their refrigerators and stuff like that.
This advice is worth 50,000 (Euros please), and is directed at the director of the Climate Change Summit in Copenhagen.
First, I would like to point out that according to wikipedia, the average annual temperature of Copenhagen is 8.1 degrees. Currently, it is 6 degrees Celsius. With 93% humidity, and windchill of 2 degrees Celsius. Weather.com reports 6 degrees, 100% humidity.
Not exactly balmy, unless you compare it with the average high and low for December, which are 4 and -1 degrees, respectively.
Of course, compared to somewhere nice, like, for example, the Bahamas, which are now 26 degrees Celsius with a waning crescent moon, that’s not balmy.
Perhaps the person who decided that the climate change conference should be held in Copenhagen was thinking only on alliteration, and had never actually been outside in the middle of Winter in Copenhagen. Personally, I would have chosen Cairo, which was around 20 today.
I would propose that changing the location of the conference would have an effect on the outcome of the conference, if not the mood of the participants.
I hope that the representatives and politicians attending the event had curbside service with no waiting times. Otherwise, upon stepping out of their hotel, they would have noticed the bitter cold and began praying for global warming to have an impact within the next five to ten seconds.
After additional data from the leaked documents from the Climatic Research Unit stuck a stick in the tire of the global warming story, the decision to leave the location in Copenhagen was a poor one, and only supports the sides of the proponents of global warming – particularly the Tourist Division of Copenhagen, which realized that more inviting temperatures would draw additional tourists, who wouldn’t be afraid of going to Denmark because it’s freakin’ cold there.
So that’s my advice for the climate change committee: Don’t hold your global warming meeting in the middle of winter in the Nordic regions.
You’d think people would think of that..

PS... One vote for Global Warming.. It was -13C walking home today.

Saturday, December 5, 2009

Bachelorhood in a Handbasket

So I shouldn't really be having any problems with my homework, but for some reason, this weekend, my 'hausarbeit' is really cramping my style. I'm supposed to present a paper in a seminar on Monday for 40 minutes. That's way too long to BS my way through it. Unfortunately. And I have homework due that night, too.

I'm trying to concentrate on reading these papers, but to be honest, the more I read these academic papers, the less sense they make.

Unfortunately, I can't concentrate on the papers. So I ate some leftover Spaetzle that was in the fridge. Spaetzle is like noodles.. except more on the side of like dough.. make sense? at any rate, I was looking for stuff to put on them. I put a slice of cheese on the noodles, and microwaved it. It was good, but still tasted pretty bland. Then, I saw a bottle of ketchup in the fridge. The ketchup helped things a lot. It actually tasted good. Perhaps everything tastes good when the alternative to eating is reading papers that are even blander..

And then I got to thinking... I've never used ketchup as a substitute for tomato sauce. I think they taught us in 4th grade that that was bachelor food. Real people eat spaghetti with real tomato sauce.

Stupid papers... they're turning me into a bachelor.

Friday, August 7, 2009

Perl Standard Out

Perl prints large chunks of code to standard out.
Here's the syntax:

print <<STOPTAG;
#stuff goes here
STOPTAG

This is the same as putting a print command before the text in the "#stuff goes here" block. It's pretty sweet.

Thanks to http://www.pageresource.com/cgirec/ptut4.htm.

Wednesday, July 22, 2009

Fisher's Exact Test

I'm still working on this project for Dr. Johnson.
I looked forever on the internet for a java implementation of the Fisher's Exact test, but couldn't find any, although I did find some pages with dead links on them...

So I sat down and did it.
Here's what I came up with:


public class Fisher
{
/**
* Gets the p-value for the given table
* pos neg
* in a b
* out c d n = a+b+c+d
*
* p = (a+b)!(c+d)!(a+c)!(b+d)!
* ------------------------
* n! a! b! c! d! (from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher%27s_exact_test)
*
* p = (a+b)!(b+d)!(c+a)!(d+c)!
* ------------------------
* n! a! b! c! d! (Rearrangement of sums and products)
*
* notation x@y = ((x+1)*(x+2)*...*(x+y)), e.g. 0@y = y!
*
* p = (a@b)(b@d)(c@a)(d@c) (x+y)!
* ------------------------ ( ------ = x@y )
* n! x!
*
*
*
* notation L@(x,y) = (ln(x+1)+ln(x+2)+...+ln(x+y))
*
* ln(p) = L@(a,b) + L@(b,d) + L@(c,a) + L@(d,c) - ( L@(0,n) )
*
* p = e ^ [L@(a,b) + L@(b,d) + L@(c,a) + L@(d,c) - ( L@(0,n) )]
*
* @return the p-value for this table
*/
private static double getPValue(int a, int b, int c, int d)
{
int n = a + b + c + d;
return Math.exp(getLogSum(a,b) + getLogSum(b,d) + getLogSum(c,a) + getLogSum(d,c) - getLogSum(0,n));
}



/**
* Gets the fisher's p-value cutoff for a point
*/
private static double getFishersExactPValue(int a, int b, int c, int d)
{
double p_cutoff = getPValue(a,b,c,d);
System.out.println("Got for: " + printTable(a,b,c,d) + p_cutoff);
double leftSide = getLeftSidePs(a, b, c, d, p_cutoff) + p_cutoff;
double rightSide = getRightSidePs(a, b, c, d, p_cutoff) + p_cutoff;
double twoSided = p_cutoff + leftSide + rightSide;
System.out.println("sides: left: " + leftSide + " right: " + rightSide);
return twoSided;
}

/**
* Gets the sum of the p-values for tables on the left side of the given table
* that are smaller than the cutoff value
*/
private static double getLeftSidePs(int a, int b, int c, int d,
double p_cutoff)
{
double sumOfLeftTables = 0;

while(c > 0 && b > 0)
{
a++;
b--;
c--;
d++;
double thisP = getPValue(a,b,c,d);
if (thisP <= p_cutoff)
sumOfLeftTables += thisP;
System.out.println("left tried: " + printTable(a,b,c,d) + getPValue(a,b,c,d));
}
return sumOfLeftTables;
}

/**
* Gets the sum of the p-values for tables on the right side of the given table
* that are smaller than the cutoff value
*/
private static double getRightSidePs(int a, int b, int c, int d,
double p_cutoff)
{
double sumOfRightTables = 0;

while(a > 0 && d > 0)
{
a--;
b++;
c++;
d--;
double thisP = getPValue(a,b,c,d);
if (thisP <= p_cutoff)
sumOfRightTables += thisP;
System.out.println("right tried: " + printTable(a,b,c,d) + getPValue(a,b,c,d));
}
return sumOfRightTables;
}

/**
* Prints the given table
*/
private static String printTable(int a, int b, int c, int d)
{
String retString = "\n|" + a + "\t" + b + "\t|\n";
retString += "|" + c + "\t" + d + "\t|\n";
return retString;
}

/**
* Returns (a+1)+(a+2)..+(a+b) = factorial in log land
* @return the sum of the log of numbers from a to a+b
*/
private static double getLogSum(int a, int b)
{
double sum = 0;
for (int i = a + 1; i <= a + b; i++)
{
sum += Math.log(i);
}
return sum;
}

public static void main(String[] args)
{
double val = getFishersExactPValue(2,3,4,5);
System.out.println("val: " + val);
}

}


And the best part, is that Wolfram agrees with my calculations, as does this online calculator.

Thursday, July 9, 2009

July 4

Here's a shout out for Independence day.

Last summer I spent July 4 in another country.. probably Germany. The year before that, I was in DC and watched the Capitol Fourth with Ben, Alisha, Adam, and Cassie. What a blast.

But this year was great. I spent it with family and friends. Which is the way July 4th should be spent.

A text was widely propagated that told people that Old Navy shirts were for $1, which turned out to be a joke on Old Navy. Tyler, Sean, and I drove over and arrived a minute before it closed. Only extra-large shirts were left, so we got wife-beaters with the flag on them, then drove home in the geo. We flipped it into convertible mode by popping the trunk, which increased the head room, and blasted the mexitunes. It was rocking.

July 3, we had a little shindig at our house. We did smores and played pool and socialized with a bunch of people. Sean and I set up the projector with a sheet hung from the swing set in the back yard. While we were waiting for people to come, we got some halo on. I was leading 3-0 when it started to rain. So we all went in and watched Italian Job.

The movie ended at 5:00 am... I fell asleep until 8:30, and a bunch of friends and I went over to free french toast at Maceys.. mmm sooo good. And it was free. Then we walked back and watched the parade on the front lawn. Grandma and Grandpa and Randall came over, and found spots on the lawn. It was pretty sweet. I'll admit I almost teared up when the trucks rolled by with the soldiers. I am proud of them and people who have pride in our country.

Then I headed up to Milo to see Dev and picked up Gabe on the way. We talked a lot. He gave me some insides on being married that were .... nice. I got a new backpack from nixon. It's pretty sweet. Lots of room for clothes and other things when people are traveling to other countries.

Then I drove the family up to Alisa's and we had a good barbecue. Grandma and Grandpa did shishkabobs as I remember them from when I was a little kid. And Mom made a killer acini salad. And Tia Sue's rolls were to die for. It was incredible. Then, I played baseball with some of Dan's kids while Alisa dashed off to get ready for her concert.

We found parking spots close to the concert, and Grandma had saved our families one blanket-spot. We gradually spread out like a zerg creep because the other blankets were uninhabited.

The music was light and entertaining, and I loved to just lay on the grass in the warm summer air, listening to the music and staring up into the deep blue sky, watching it turn red then gray.

Then came the 1812 overture and the cannons from across the way caught everyone's attention. And then came the fireworks. As the fireworks shot off, patriotic songs played, and I was proud. It gradually got darker and cooler, and I snuggled up with Zach in grandma's jean blanket. It was great having my family around me. The little kids oohed and ahed at the fireworks, and ran around with glow sticks.

Then with a huge finale, it was over. And everyone headed home. I got to drive Grandma and Grandpa's new Equinox home. I'm not sure how good their eyesight is getting at night. Mom and Dad acted like it was precautionary measure. But it was fun to talk to them. Grandma got a car before her dad did. They just got rides around Huntington. I come from good stock.

And then we came home and I slept over at the house, getting up for church the next day at 1:00pm.

What a weekend.

I'll have to see what happens next year... unfortunately, there's that bull run...

Tuesday, June 30, 2009

Graduation

I think it finally hit me today.

I'm graduating.

I've been looking forward to and working for my graduation day for as long as I can remember.

Today was the school graduation fair. I bought my cap and gown, and was going to get my announcements until I looked at them and said "$50 bucks... yeah right" That's over $2/announcement.. so I didn't get them.

But I did fill out an application to join the alumni association. And then I played plinko for a chance to win a BYU alumni license plate frame. AND I WON!

As I walked out of the bookstore, I looked down and realized that if I could pass my English class (and my Spanish and Golf ones), I would truly be an alumni. I felt happy and old at the same time.

Well, I guess that's better than feeling sad and young.

Monday, June 29, 2009

Technical Communication

Man. I should have counted my blessings during the spring semester, because I didn't have any classes that irritated me.

This semester, it's going to be Technical Writing. However, I've got to give it to John M Lannon, the author of the required textbook for the class, for implementing the ideal scheme to squeeze every possible penny out of college students.

Here's the surefire plan to get rich quick off of college students:
1) Write a textbook for a class that is required for graduation across campus. Like college English.
2) Require that your textbook be used in all sections of the class.
3) Create a custom edition of your book for each university so that the resell market is constricted, and so that the international reprint competition is eliminated.
4) Update your book by changing chapter names and adding a small amount of additional content every two years, so students will be forced to buy the latest edition.
5) Buy an X-box and lots of first-person shooters to distract your mind so you don't think about the lives of the college students you are tormenting.
6) Laugh evilly and get rich quick.

Bleh.

I hope this guy feels guilty someday. Preying on college students is only a little better than stealing candy from blind children.

Wednesday, June 24, 2009

Poor Boy

Yesterday, I had a bad experience.

I needed to run some errands, and I thought the beginning of the semester would be a good time to do that. I ran up the street to a camping shop, and bought a replacement camelbak bladder after one of the camelbaks burst after being thrown while on our trip to the Subway in Zion. While there, I was tempted to stop over at the army surplus store across the street. While walking around in the dark store, I didn't see a step and kicked my sandalled foot into the step. I noticed something was amiss when I felt my sandal become squishy, and I looked down and noticed I was walking in my toe blood. I added new sandals to my shopping list.

I ran to walmart to get a key copied, but was disappointed to learn that they did not have my key type. I grabbed a sandwitch from the deli. It was called a "Poor Boy" sandwich. I thought it was nice. I also got some sandals, bandaids, and antibiotic spray.

I ate the sandwitch on the way home, and thought the sandwich tasted a little funny. I arrived home and washed my foot off and bandaged it. Then, I headed to my accompanying job. After accompanying, I came home, made some mac and cheese and chili, then went to golf class. After I came home, I felt a little tired, so I took a nap before me and Dev were to go to see the new Transformers movie.

When I awoke, I was disappointed to find that I was a little sick. Whatever. We left for the midnight showing, and got front row seats.. bleh. Half-way through, I felt like I had to puke. So I left the theater, and sat down in the hall. Evidently, I didn't look so good, because the people in the theater brought me some water. It was "on the house."

When the movie finally ended, I was disappointed a the mix of motherly comic relief, the pointless romantic plot, and the action sequences that I could only see a corner of. And the 'an arm and a leg' movie man voice. Whatever.

I came home and got into bed. I felt awful. I got up and puked. It was at that instant that I felt like I was a "Poor Boy". I skipped out on Spanish this morning so I could get a couple more hours of sleep, and because I felt like I was going to puke when I stood up.

Whatev.

Saturday, May 23, 2009

The Office

So, I'm sitting in 2208 here in the Talmage. It's kindof my office. Kindof.

Really, it's the CSL lab. Where I kindof work. Kindof.

And I was just thinking how much I enjoy being here. In a kindof sick introverted sort of way. I'm set up on my MacBook Pro, with another big additional monitor to my side showing the latest results of my search for housing in Berlin. I scavenged some speakers from the PhD student who used to sit at this desk, and "I'll be Here Awhile" by 311 is blasting at a comfortable level that drowns out the fans from the other computers in the room. (Side note: I just scored tickets to the 311 show in June from my roommate for 12 bucks.. I'm stoked)

My cell phone just vibrated, letting me know that I just got a voicemail. Depending on the weather, the lab offers me a sort of seclusion from the real world. I usually get texts and voicemail notifications when the wind blows he cell signal through the walls, so I can listen to the voicemails and choose whether to respond or not. Same with texts. And if I am ever confronted about never being there, I can just say "I was in my office".

There's also food in here: PB&J sandwiches, and the rest of some funky peach pop I bought for the movie we watched in spanish class last week. And there's a funky set of silverware with wooden handles from China that my dad got from a graduate student sometime in the past. These are utensils used to spread PB&J. The only bad thing is that the brother used the knife to do some PB&Jing, and stuck it in a napkin after he was done... to keep airborne germs and dust from landing on it? So now the knife has stale peanut butter and jam with little bits of green napkin stuck on it.. The little turd:)

Luckily, there's a bathroom right across the hall that does a pretty good job at removing food from utensils. And I'm hungry. And content. In the office.

Provo


This is my first Summer in Provo. I suppose it's technically still spring. But it's beautiful. The morning is a little bit chilly, and the days warm up and are sunny. Everyone at BYU studies out on the lawn. I've been going out with my Spanish group to study on the lawn to fulfill the requirement of 2 hours of speaking with each other each chapter. It's nice.

I also was looking at the mountains the other day, and realized how beautiful they were. Unfortunately, I was driving at the time, so I couldn't really get a good picture.

I sent my acceptance for the Fulbright yesterday, and flights need to be purchased by the 30th, so the whole Germany thing is becoming more concrete. I'm a little worried about housing. There's a free spot in an apartment through the city dormitory system that I really want to live in. The apartment has two rooms, so me and Jordan (the kid who also got the Fulbright) will be able to live there together. It is also subsidized by the government, so it will only run us about 200 euros/month, Which will leave plenty for traveling around. The apartment is also really close to the main Berlin S-bahn Ring, so it will be easy to go anywhere in the city. However, when I try to sign up for the housing, the people tell me that I can't register because I won't be living there until September, and the place is free right now. So they want to make sure nobody will move in sooner. They told me to try to register again in August. Which is one month before we will be living there... man this is is a little stressful.

Wednesday, May 13, 2009

Me gusta

So I got a scholarship for spring and summer. The requirements stipulate that I take at least 6 credits each semester to qualify for the scholarship. I only need to take one upper-level CS class and technical writing before I graduate in August, both of which are three credits.

So I decided to take Spanish. I've kindof always wanted to learn Spanish, and figured that this was a good time to take it. So I'm taking artificial intelligence and Spanish 101 this semester, and technical writing and Spanish 102 next semester.

Officially, I've been speaking Spanish for two weeks and a day. And I already know how to conjugate three verbs and introduce myself! Really, it's a lot of fun, although it does take up a lot of time. Oh. And it's at 8:00 in the morning. Bleh. Remember when I took that Bayesian Statistics class that was at 8:00 on Tuesdays and Thursdays and almost gouged my brain out with a spoon? Yeah, I seem to have forgotten that near-death experience. Now I remember it, except that class is every day. I've compacted my morning preparation routine, and now my alarm goes off at 7:20 in the morning. So I can get a decent amount of sleep if I come in around midnight.

Which reminds me of another problem.. I moved into a way cool house on University Ave, and my roommates love to party. And I love to party with them. However, I haven't found a way to both party all night and be alert for Spanish in the morning.

I secretly hope to be able to use my Spanish at the running of the bulls next summer.

Anyway, back to the title of this post: I decided that I really like Matt Nathanson. His writing style is interesting. Check it out at http://blog.mattnathanson.com/.

Me gusta Matt Nathanson.

Thursday, April 30, 2009

Old houses


So I just moved into a summer home on university. For the summer. It's pretty old, but it has character. Tonight I hung my clothes up in the closet and noticed that this kind of house was the kind of house where you might hear the following dialogue:

Is this closet rod strong enough to hold my heavy suits up?

Yes, it is actually the pipe that connects the water for this house to the main city line. It's pretty strong.

Monday, April 20, 2009

IPTC

The IPTC is the International Press Telecommunications Council. They basically don't don anything useful, but "develop and maintain technical standards" (according to the wikipedia article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Press_Telecommunications_Council. However, I have had a good experience which has helped me develop a greater respect for people who don't really do anything in life, but to sit and make regulations. I'm grateful to the IPTC because the IPTC set up a platform for adding metadata to certain types of files. Like JPEGs and stuff.

Why this is important: I'm graduating from BYU, and I'll have to relinquish this mac. However, I would still like my files. Especially all of the comments I have made on photos in my photo albums. Unfortunately, I've been using Canon's software to transfer photos to my laptop. (This is incredibly clunky, and I'd avoid using it at all costs.. The first thing wrong with it is that the main import program is called "Camera Window", but when I try to launch it using Spotlight, I can find it, and press enter, then get the message: "This program cannot be executed directly".. man.. good thing I let it install shortcuts to my application bar thingie and didn't delete them like I usually do, or I wouldn't be able to start importing pictures ever.) I have also been using the companion Canon ImageBrowser (clunky too.. undo/redo doesn't work for many of the features, and the category things are all messed up) to input all of my captions for the pictures from my internship in Germany, as well as all the rest of the pictures I have taken in my life.


Naturally, it would be the pits to loose all of these captions, so I wrote Canon, asking how to transfer comments from one computer to the other, basically asking if there was a database file somewhere, or something like that. A polite foreign help person responded by saying that that was impossible. And that if I had any questions, I should reply to the email. I replied, and asked to be put in contact with an ImageBrowser specialist. The polite foreign help person's manager who was also polite and foreign responded, saying that the first polite foreign help person was an authority on ImageBrowser. Bleh. Partly due to finals, I let it be, meaning to come back to it later. Needless to say, I fished the email from Canon out of my junk mail, and emailed them back a scathing comment about their tech support quality that claimed that they were experts in something that they were not, and gave false technical responses... I couldn't prove them wrong with anything except for my gut. Which is usually right.

And now I'm back. Looking at the new Dell Studio XPS 13s, and wishing I knew how to transfer all of my comments for my pictures to another computer.(Lest you think this is a trivial task, I have taken over 4500 pictures in less than a year, with most of them having comments.)

I started out with a simple test proposed by my father.. make a change on one of the comments, then use find the find files that were modified in the last minute. ("find . -mmin -1"). I discovered that the JPEG picture file itself was being modified. That was nice. The diff tool usually doesn't compare binary files, but I found out that the -a flag forces a line-by-line comparison of files. I did a diff on a before copy of the picture, and the after copy of the picture, and discovered that amidst the binary junk, the comments were in the JPEG files themselves.

See, polite foreign canon help person? My gut is right. You are wrong.

So I wrote a little comment extractor in perl. But it couldn't quite weed out all of the binary. And took quite a while (.5 seconds... but for 4000 pictures..) to complete. I looked on line for perl tools to extract metadata from JPEGs, and found a perl module here: http://search.cpan.org/~jcarter/Image-IPTCInfo-1.9/IPTCInfo.pm that says it will let me get at the comment data. (Unfortunately, I am having troubles enabling the root account on my mac... stupid macs. Or perhaps I just don't know what I am doing. Which is probably the case.)

This perl module relies on the standards set up by the IPTC. So I guess they do have a use. And I'm glad they set up that standard. Bless their hearts.

So, I'm on my way to not only being able to transfer pictures and comments off of this mac, but also to creating my own picture comment reference library, where I create a text file of all of the comments, and just search through that to find pictures of "berlin" or "university" or "mouse" or "paris" or whatever. However, it's too early in the morning, so I'll do this later.

And so it stands:
Polite foreign help person: 0
My gut: 1
IPTC: 1 assist

Tuesday, April 14, 2009

FAT

I made it. It's the last day of school for the winter semester. I feel like I have given it my best, although I didn't accomplish everything I probably should have. I ended up finishing everything except for this FAT lab for my Operating Systems 345 class. We ran out of time. At quarter-to midnight, we were tired of FAT, so we wrote up the mandatory implementation description. It went like this:


My Brother and I's Implementation of
FAT File System
====================================================================

1) IMPLEMENTATION
We worked hard to complete the early stages of the project, and completed methods for detecting valid/invalid DOS file names, traversing file directories (and displaying the correct prompt), and correctly displaying entries in the current directory while using a mask.
We were also able to start on the implementation of defining files, and successfully implemented a one-file define, in which the file will be defined with the correct date and time stamp, including the appropriate cluster and size. Unfortunately, this implementation has several limitations as compared to a full-blown FAT file system, as discussed in the LIMITATIONS section below.

2) TESTING
We used unit tests to test the file name verification method, as well as the insert and extract methods. These functions were tested thoroughly and appear to be very robust.
We also tested defining files with invalid names, and could successfully detect and throw the appropriate error for bad file names.
We were capable of listing directory items with and without a filter, as well as navigating a directory tree. We tested these functions with the test cases outlined on the project specifications.

3) LIMITATIONS
Regrettably, the time expired before we were able to form a complete implementation. We think this may have had a direct impact on our inability to define more than one file. Had more time been given, we would have been able to complete more of the sections. Currently, we give no promises for any functions other than a rudimentary define file task and the fully-implemented cd and dir commmands.



Cordially yours,
The Authors

Tuesday, April 7, 2009

Class Reviews

I wrote this.. and liked it..

The mercy of Dr. M was a breath of fresh air in the midst of a crowd of CS professors who believe they are predestined to promote grade deflation (there's no such thing as predestination... only foreordination).

That's how I really feel.. I'm still two labs behind, and we have a week left of school. I hope I will be able to finish.

Books

I felt quite out of place as I walked through the library today. If I had only thought to wear a pastel polo tucked into a white pair of pants held up by a skinny woven belt and worn my sweater tied around my neck, I would have felt more at ease as I walked through the Harold B. Lee library this afternoon with 5 books in my hands. If I had remembered my uniform, the 90s would have taken me up into its bosom in a chariot of fire.

However, my identity discovery has been marked by a firm denial of any association with the pre-wikipedian era (PWE). There are those who deny any fact just because it comes from wikipedia. I am not one of those closed-minded knowledge-haters. While I do believe that everything needs to be backed up by facts, wikipedia is a good place to get a broad overview of a subject. More importantly, I believe that in our quest for knowledge, we should not believe everything we hear, and should learn to filter out questionable claims. I honestly believe that those who hate on wikipedia are those who are unable to use logic and previous knowledge to detect truth in their own quests for knowledge.

Anyway, I now embark on the first major research paper of my post-mission college career. 15 pages on "The Affect of War on Medical Research." I hope it goes well. It's due tomorrow. But I have my Books. And I have Wikipedia.

Tuesday, March 31, 2009

Machine Learning

This morning in my CS 478 class, we talked about artificial intelligence. It was a very stimulating discussion. Probably the highlight of the semester. We came up with a couple of interesting ideas:

What is intelligence? There is something unique to humans (and perhaps other life) that defines intelligence. However I am not convinced that life itself is the definition of intelligence. Can intelligence be introduced into computational systems simply by incorporating biological medium into the system? Although machines have been built with rat brain components (http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/10/041022104658.htm) that does not necessarily make the system intelligent. Even if the brain tissue introduced a sense of spontaneity to the system, artificial random number generators are a zillion times better at producing an even distribution than any biological matter which is prone to scarring and bias. Perhaps intelligence has to do more with creativity or adaptation.

One of the biggest problems with artificial intelligence is that computer systems as we now know them, even the most advanced impossible computer (the turing machine) only respond to input. 50 years ago, we would have thought that airplanes that fly themselves would define intelligent. Now, however, we see them as machines that take input and do what we tell them to do. To a certain extent, biology also only responds to input, and is therefore no better than computers. My friend Mark is working on designing a set of stimuli that can make a set of neurons grow left or right at a junction. There is no intelligence in the neurons at all. They only respond to input. However, humans use the neurons to do more than to simply respond to input.

Singluarity (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_singularity) is an interesting topic that predicts that if we can design computers to design smarter computers, they will eventually take over the human race. Yeah, it sounds like it Science Fiction. And let's hope it stays that way. Apropo, Google, Nasa, and others have teamed up to create a "Singularity University" to create disruptive technology (see http://singularityu.org/). However, I think that the biggest problem with singularity is an understanding of the problems above.
Artificial intelligence or can be simulated on a computer by giving it an objective function. The computer explores the outcomes using an iterative or optimized pattern, deciding on the choice that will give the best outcome based on the objective function. However, this system is not really intelligent because it only responds to input. As computer scientists, we can give computers objectives in the form of an objective function, but it is impossible for computers to shoot for anything higher than the objective function, so the objective function we give machines is also their limit. I can imagine that a machine could randomly create a new objective function, but how are they to weight the value of the objective function?

As humans, there is some overarching objective function (defined by God or by the natural laws of existence). We try to model the objective function as humans, and base our actions off of our model. For example, we may discover that playing WOW brings us pleasure. We might build our objective function based on the model that we should do everything we can do to spend every minute on WOW. As we learn and discover more about the overarching objective function, we change our model to reflect our understanding. When we discover that playing WOW is not making us happy, we might develop a new personal learning objective that would incorporate sleeping and eating into the model that was previously only based on playing WOW. This iteratively progresses, and we get better as we learn.

Interesting thought.. Perhaps this is the reason why the example of Christ is seemingly impossible to obtain. The overarching objective function is a comparison between us and Christ. We are to become "even as He is." If there were any lower standard, we would be limited by that standard. However, because the standard Christ has set is infinitely higher than we could ever hope to reach, we are unlimited in our potential.

And that's what sets us apart from computers.

The end.

Sunday, March 22, 2009

Abandon All Hope




There are some very rewarding parts of being a CS student. Like the privilege of taking classes from Dr. M who can smell good dry-erase markers. Instead of trying the markers out on the board, he can simply take a whiff, and instantly he knows if they are good or bad. That's cool.

However, it's also a lot of work. This weekend, I spent a disproportionate amount of time writing a kernel priority-based task scheduling algorithm. In C. Bleh. When I wasn't doing that, I was sleeping, cleaning the apartment for spring cleaning checks, or working on my side project -- virtual memory implementation. In C. Bleh too.

Good news, however. I got into MIT. Now I have to decide between UCSD, OSU, and the MIT/Harvard MEMP program.

Wednesday, March 4, 2009

How to Have a Successful All-Nighter

It's 12:35, and I am just now realizing that I am about to embark on the second all-nighter in a week. I have also realized that there are probably a lot of struggling people out there who might not know how to pull off a successful all-nighter. So here's my little handy-dandy guide to a successful all-nighter.

Step One: Accrue Tons of Homework and Projects. All-nighters are hard, but they're easier if you have a motivation to stay up. Sometimes it helps to find pictures of your professors to whom you owe homework, and to tape them to your monitor, or fingers if you aren't using a computer for your homework. In a pinch, I guess a couple of good movies would do for a less-productive all-nighter.

Step Two: the Sugar Hop. I avoid caffeine like the plague. Partially because I get belly aches when I drink it. Instead, I prefer the more natural alternative: sugar. Not only does sugar raise your mental capacities and make the evening more enjoyable, it also helps you keep your eyes open. My favorite source of sugar is candy or soda.

Step Three: Get Comfy. But not too comfy. Change into some good all-nighter clothes, like sweats or shorts and a t-shirt. Avid all-nighter experts insist that proper all-nighter gear is essential for a successful all-nighter. Avoid wearing pajamas, or anything that might be embarrassing if your roommates caught you in it the next morning when they are waking up for school.

Step Four: Sustenance. I personally believe that the biggest cause of premature all-nighter abortion is lack of sustenance. It is vital to give your body the nourishment it needs to keep on going the whole night long. Novice all-nighterers should consider breakfast fare such as bacon and eggs, which alerts the body that it needs to be awake for the next while. I have personally established a standard all-nigher cuisine: Western Family Mac and Cheese from a box. Not only is it only 30 cents (on sale) at the store, but it is easy to make, and has noodles, so it's healthy.

Step Five: Musik. You gotta have the tunes, or the ticking of the clock will drive you crazy.. eventually even to bed. Don't listen to your momma's music. That'll put you right where she is - in bed. Listen to the music of champions - like The Used. Or your favorite other music that'll keep you awake AND put hair on your chest.. rock on! However, be courteous to roommates and wear headphones.

Step Six: Be Healthy. Granted, the 40-hour day isn't the best thing for your immune system, but try to take precautions against anything that will have an effect on your body for longer than a week. Don't lick spoons that are sitting in the jello your roommate with mono is eating. Make sure that you are consuming some vitamin c if your sugar source doesn't contain vitamin c. Do some exercise... pushups every hour on the hour is a great way to keep up your stamina and build some muscle. Gimme Twenty!

Tuesday, February 17, 2009

Hard Times

Folks, I've come up against hard times. For this reason, I hope you'll excuse my silence.

Speaking of silence, I think Cylense would be a cool name for a earplug company or something.

Anyway, I have felt relatively unaffected by the economic woes that seem to be plaguing the world of non-college students. I am part of a chosen generation, young enough to be kept from the workforce, and old enough to be away from home, where mothers are starting to exclusively buy Western Family. Except for the infrequent tuition changes, I haven't really felt any financial hardship except for that of additional expenses associated with having a girlfriend.

However, I recently noticed two major ways that the outside world is starting to ruin mine.
  1. I was inadvertently listening to CNN the other morning, where the economic woe counselor was trying to convince adults to reenter institutions of higher learning. She noted that many states have scholarships reserved exclusively for older adults who wish to return to school. Unfortunately, she doesn't realize that she is making it nearly impossible for undergraduate graduates to get into graduate schools if they have to compete with people with similar undergraduate degrees and several years of work experience. Come on! You had your chance! You have a job already! Not only will fresh undergraduates not be able to compete with older graduate school applicants, but they won't be able to complete with them in the job market either because of our lack of real-world experience. It seems that either way, our hands are tied.

    Of course, I did run across an interesting article about why people shouldn't try to dodge recession with grad school here: http://blog.penelopetrunk.com/2009/02/03/dont-try-to-dodge-the-recession-with-grad-school/. Of course, this Penelope lady actually is in charge of a startup company, Brazen Careerist that helps companies find candidates. Of course grad school is bad when it is keeping a job applicant from accepting a job with one of your clients... It reminds me of a WalMart interview I had a couple of years ago. As I recall, the position was for a summer internship, but the interviewess was interested in what I was doing after my undergraduate degree - a valid concern. When I told her I wanted to go to graduate school, I got quite the crusty and a long explanation of why graduate school is bad. I should have checked to see if her name was Penelope.

  2. Then tonight, I realized that the real world had burst into my little bubble in a real economic way as I tried to order The Usual from Taco Bell in the food court. I usually get two 99-cent 1/2-pound cheesy-bean-and-rice burritos and one special treat, like a $1.39 Baja Beef Gordita or a 89-cent cheesy double beef burrito, depending on how many hours I've worked that week so far. However, when I ordered today, I was displeased to find that the 99-cent 1/2-pound cheesy-bean-and-rice burritos were now $1.39 1/2-pound cheesy-bean-and-rice burritos. That's 40 cents more! And that makes The Usual 80 cents more expensive! Get out of my bubble!

But I guess I'll have to live with it. And maybe it isn't as bad as I think... meaning I'm sure the economy is worse off than I realize, but maybe it hasn't penetrated my bubble and slimed all over the floor as much as I had thought. I got an email this weekend from UCSD and they want to see me. They also want me to apply for another department where they think I would fit nicely. And as I type... I just got an email from some people at OSU about how they are pleased to invite me to a graduate student recruitment shindig.

However, I still have the Taco Bell issue to worry about...

Monday, January 19, 2009

Slurpees are never the same..

Bad news: Slurpees are never the same after you put them in the freezer.

Saturday night, I went with some homeboys to the No 10 BYU mens volleyball game against No. 11 Lewis. The game was intense, with a first-set loss to Lewis, followed by a three-game BYU sweep. My friends and I were excited and motivated to play some volleyball ourselves... it's been a while since we've played good competitive volleyball.

At the conclusion of the game, the announcer invited us to return to the "Joseph Smith Field House" for another game next week... then was corrected. It is the "George Albert Smith Field House".. perhaps he did it on purpose for church publicity.

After the game, we picked up Ashley after she was done with work, and went to 7eleven for slurpees. I was feeling pretty bad.. like flu bad, so I came home and crashed after putting the slurpee in the freezer.

Now, as I work on a critique of the faith of my new Civ professor, I'm munching on frozen slurpee while reading Henry V. Here's my thesis so far: "Although competing statements in Henry V seem to portray King Henry as a believer or an atheist, the ultimate assessment of Henry’s faith is a reflection of the reader’s personal belief in God." We'll see how well this goes over with my instructor.

Thursday, January 15, 2009

Mac Office

Just so everyone knows, I hate Mac Office. Especially Excel. For some reason, it gets into modes where it will crash on the second time I try to copy values from Excel to another program. It also crashed when Mac moved the window position as a response to my unplugging an additional monitor.

This crashing functionality caused me a lot of grief as I tried to complete scholarship applications, many of which wanted sorted lists of classes to be entered into text boxes on their web pages. Yeah it was a pain.

However, tonight is the first long night of the semester. It's 2 in the morning, and I'm trying to plot some graphs.. yeah, I should be using R or gnuplot, but Excel is good for quick and dirty stuff. Anyway, I'm trying to copy the graphs from Excel to Word. It has crashed a couple times on the copy, but the latest grief was caused when I was trying to change the data labels. Normally, in Excel, you right click on the graph, and click "Select Data" which takes you to a window where you can rename plots and stuff. In Word, the right click menu has "Edit Data" which looked good to me, so I clicked it. Unfortunately, I got this error window:



Hm. I choose "OK"?

Anyway, that's the latest reason why I hate Mac Office.

Wednesday, January 7, 2009

Yottabyte

I was surfing the internet the other day... actually, I was looking for the meaning of the number in like the third column of the ls -al command to list the files of a directory and their sizes, creation dates, etc. I was curious whether it was bytes, bits, or what.. Excuse me, I digress.

I stumbled across a cool web page that states that a yottabyte is everything there is to know. I thought it was neat, and then I wanted to show Nathan. When I couldn't find it easily, that's when I knew it had to go on the blog.

The site didn't seem very fancy (meaning it might die before blogspot does), so I have reproduced the page below. Here's the link to the original page: http://www.uplink.freeuk.com/data.html

  • Bits
  • 1 bit: A binary decision

  • Bytes (8 Bits)
  • 1 byte: A single character
  • 10 bytes: A single word
  • 100 bytes: A sentence

  • Kilobyte (1024 Bytes)
  • 1 Kilobyte: A page of text
  • 10 Kilobytes: The size of this web page
  • 100 Kilobytes: A compressed computer image OR a long essay

  • Megabyte (1024 Kilobyte)
  • 1 Megabyte: A small novel OR A 3.5 inch floppy disk
  • 2 Megabytes: A high resolution photograph
  • 5 Megabytes: The complete works of Shakespeare
  • 10 Megabytes: A minute of high-fidelity sound
  • 100 Megabytes: 1 meter of shelved books
  • 500 Megabytes: A CD-ROM

  • Gigabyte (1024 Megabyte)
  • 1 Gigabyte: A symphony in high-fidelity sound OR A movie at TV quality
  • 2 Gigabytes: 20 meters of shelved books
  • 10 Gigabytes: A good collection of the works of Beethoven
  • 20 Gigabytes: A VHS tape used for digital data
  • 50 Gigabytes: A floor of books
  • 100 Gigabytes: A floor of academic journals

  • Terabyte (1024 Gigabyte)
  • 1 Terabyte: 50000 trees made into paper and printed
  • 2 Terabytes: An academic research library
  • 10 Terabytes: The printed collection of the US Library of Congress
  • 100 Terabytes: The entire internet

  • Petabyte (1024 Terabyte)
  • 1 Petabyte: 3 years of EOS data

  • 10 Petabytes: All US academic research libraries
  • 100 Petabytes: All printed material

  • Exabyte (1024 Petabyte)
  • 1 Exabytes: All words ever spoken by human beings.

  • Zettabyte (1024 Exabyte)

  • Yottabyte (1024 Zettabyte)
  • 1 Yottabyte: Everything that there is